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Table 9 The mentolabial angle in idealized images from classical and Renaissance art and sculpture

From: Mentolabial angle and aesthetics: a quantitative investigation of idealized and normative values

Artwork

Artist

Era

Mentolabial angle (°)

Doryphoros (Pompeii, now in Naples)

Polykleitos of Argos

Classical Greece

105

Heracles (Naples)

Polykleitos of Argos

Classical Greece

125

Hermes

Apollonius

Classical Greece

109

Aphrodite of Milos (Venus de Milo)

Alexandros of Antioch

Hellenistic Greece

95

Head of a youth in profile (male head)

Leonardo da Vinci

Italian Renaissance

95

Study of the valves and muscles of the heart (male head in profile)

Leonardo da Vinci

Italian Renaissance

105

Woman’s head in profile

Leonardo da Vinci

Italian Renaissance

128

La Bella Principessa

Leonardo da Vinci

Italian Renaissance

130

Idealized head of a woman

After Leonardo da Vinci (unknown artist)

Italian Renaissance

99

Head of a woman in profile

Giovanni Antonio Boltraffio

Italian Renaissance

118

David

Michelangelo Buonarroti

Italian Renaissance

100

Primavera (middle sister, profile)

Botticelli

Italian Renaissance

117

Woman’s profile (from The Three Ages of Man)

Titian

Italian Renaissance

116