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Table 1 The association between the risk factors and development of OF

From: Assessment of the correlation between various risk factors and orofacial cleft disorder spectrum: a retrospective case-control study

Variables

Case (%)

Control (%)

Odds ratio (CI = 95%)

P value

Adjusted ORa (95% CI)

P value

Sex female (male, reference category)

171 (53)

204 (51)

1.081 (0.806–1.450)

0.60354

1.007 (0.742–1.367)

0.964131

History of abortion/miscarriage

42 (13)

28 (7)

1.986 (1.201–3.283)

0.007475

1.339 (0.761–2.355)

0.311026

Consanguineous marriage

119 (36)

93 (23)

1.926 (1.393–2.662)

0.00735

1.854 (1.329–2.586)

0.0275

Systemic diseases

36 (11)

32 (8)

1.443 (0.874–2.380)

0.151417

1.307 (0.773–2.211)

0.318197

Medication during pregnancy

122 (38)

124 (31)

1.358 (0.997–1.850)

0.05254

1.339 (0.971–1.847)

0.074891

Complications during pregnancy

92 (29)

88 (22)

1.412 (1.007–1.980)

0.045517

1.293 (0.901–1.856)

0.162789

Maternal age (years)

< 25

43 (14)

48 (12)

1.483 (0.904–2.432)

0.118696

1.608 (0.952–2.717)

0.075617

26–30 (reference)

87 (27)

136 (34)

1

–

1

-

30–35

102 (31)

132 (33)

1.063 (0.939–1.204)

0.335031

1.062 (0.931–1.213)

0.369834

> 35

91 (28)

84 (21)

1.151 (1.042–1.272)

0.005646

1.139 (1.027–1.264)

0.01355

Paternal age (years)

< 25

29 (9)

44 (11)

1.023 (0.584–1.792)

0.93643

1.092 (0.602–1.982)

0.771544

26–30 (reference)

67 (21)

104 (26)

1

–

1

–

30–35

122 (38)

144 (36)

1.098 (0.964–1.251)

0.158797

1.098 (0.958–1.260)

0.179591

> 35

105 (32)

108 (27)

1.106 (0.998–1.225)

0.053716

1.105 (0.993–1.230)

0.067299

Birth order

1st (reference)

158 (49)

156 (39)

1

–

1

–

2nd

83 (26)

140 (35)

0.760 (0.638–0.906)

0.002204

0.789 (0.656–0.948)

0.011335

3rd

51 (16)

72 (18)

0.887 (0.771–1.021)

0.096105

0.914 (0.791–1.057)

0.225932

4th and higher

31 (9)

32 (8)

0.997 (0.870–1.142)

0.963656

0.988 (0.856–1.142)

0.872614

Total

323(100)

400 (100)

–

–-

–

–

  1. C
  2. aOR is adjusted for all other factors in the table