Changes in the hyoid bone, tongue, and oropharyngeal airway space after mandibular setback surgery evaluated by cone-beam computed tomography

Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery

Table 5 Changes in pharyngeal airway space before (T0) and after (T1) surgery

Variable	T0	T1	ΔT1 − T0	P value
VP volume (mm³)	16777.20 ± 4689.63	13187.53 ± 4748.41	− 3589.67 ± 3054.52	0.000***
GP volume (mm³)	22952.70 ± 6983.11	18684.27 ± 6576.47	− 4268.43 ± 5020.01	0.000***
VP MCA (mm²)	325.43 ± 113.15	221.57 ± 131.54	− 103.85 ± 107.41	0.000***
GP MCA (mm²)	325.52 ± 121.94	219.24 ± 132.74	− 106.28 ± 103.08	0.000***
APW at VP (mm)	12.29 ± 3.21	9.77 ± 3.43	− 2.53 ± 2.57	0.000***
TRW at VP (mm)	27.75 ± 4.92	22.10 ± 8.17	− 5.65 ± 6.64	0.000***
APW at GP (mm)	12.36 ± 3.89	10.18 ± 3.75	− 2.18 ± 2.23	0.000***
TRW at GP (mm)	26.65 ± 5.44	21.56 ± 8.09	− 5.09 ± 7.41	0.001**

Data are presented as mean ± standard deviation. Paired t tests were performed to determine significant differences in oropharyngeal airway space between T0 and T1. T0 before surgery, T1 1 month after surgery, VP velopharynx, GP glossopharynx, MCA minimal cross-sectional area, APW anteroposterior width, TRW transverse width
*P < 0.05; **P < 0.01; ***P < 0.001