Torque | Group | p value | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
a: nicotine | b: nicotine+l-arg | c: no nicotine no l-arg | Total | a, b | a, c | b, c | |
Insertion | 85.6 ± 17.5 | 44.4 ± 8.6 | 60.5 ± 9.1 | 0.025 | 0.020 | 0.194 | 0.497 |
Removal | 79.87 ± 27.6 | 69.2 ± 37.8 | 107.5 ± 16.5 | 0.041 | 0.758 | 0.156 | 0.039 |
Change | − 5.7 ± 24.0 | 25.1 ± 37.8 | 47.0 ± 16.9 | 0.004 | 0.049 | 0.003 | 0.276 |
p value | 0.521 | 0.103 | < 0.001 |