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Table 1 Summary of characteristics for patients with craniofacial chondroblastomas (from 11 reports)

From: A large invasive chondroblastoma on the temporomandibular joint and external auditory canal: a case report and literature review

Author (year)

Age/ sex

Site

Size (mm)

Symptoms

Surgical methods

Reconstruction

Recurrence

(follow-up period)

Cares et al. (1971) [9]

30/F

• Fronto-zygomatic area

• Anterior superior EAC

• Not described

• Temporal area swelling

• Plugged ear sensation

• Conductive hearing loss

• 1st OP: curettage

• 2nd OP: excision

(1 month after 1st OP)

• Not described

No recurrence

(2 years)

Longo et al. (1999) [10]

27/M

• TMJ

• Mandibular condyle

• Temporal bone

• Not described

• TMJ swelling

• Mouth opening deviation

• Subtotal excision

(extended pre-auricular, temporal approach)

• Not described

No recurrence

(1 year)

Watanabe et al. (1999) [11]

43/F

• TMJ

• Temporal bone

• Middle ear

• EAC

• 15 x 20

• Chronic otitis media

• Conductive hearing loss

• Complete excision

(retro-auricular approach)

• Surgical defect

(Temporal muscle flap)

No recurrence

(4 years)

Toro et al. (2005) [12]

57/F

• TMJ

• Mandibular condyle

• 20 x 20

• TMJ swelling

• Mouth opening deviation

• TMJ clicking

• Complete excision

(pre-auricular approach to deep sub-fascia)

• Not described

No recurrence

(1 year)

Bian et al. (2005) [13]

38/M

• Temporal bone

• Zygomatic arch

• 30

• Temporal area swelling

• Conductive hearing loss

• Complete excision

(middle cranial fossa approach)

• Not described

No recurrence

(1.25 years)

Kim et al. (2015) [14]

49/F

• Mandibular condyle

• 20

• TMJ swelling

• Pre-auricular pain, swelling

• Trismus

• Complete excision

(pre-auricular approach)

• Not described

No recurrence

(8 years)

Liu et al. (2015) [15]

27/F

• Clivus

• Carotid canal

• 28 x 20 x 19

• Headache

• Diplopia

• Facial dysesthesias

• Complete excision

• Endoscopic endonasal approach

• Surgical defect

(nasoseptal mucosal flap)

No recurrence

(3 months)

Hiraumi et al. (2016) [16]

64/M

• TMJ

• Middle cranial fossa

• Superior semicircular canal

• Foramen spinosum

• Facial nerve

• Otic capsule

• Not described

• Vertigo

• Complete excision

(transpetrosal-transzygomatic approach)

• Eardrum, EAC

(temporal fascia flap)

• Surgical defect

(abdominal fat)

No recurrence

(5 years)

Marano et al. (2019) [17]

46/M

• Mandibular condyle

• 21 x 10 x 17

• TMJ pain, swelling

• Complete excision

(pre-auricular approach)

• Not described

No recurrence

(1.5 years)

Long et al. (2020) [18]

40/F

• Sphenoid sinus

• 22 x 20

• Dizziness

• Headache

• Complete excision

• Rhinoscopic surgery

• Not described

Not described

Tomioka et al. (2020) [19]

66/F

• TMJ

• Temporal bone

• Middle cranial fossa

• EAC

• 35 x 25 x 20

• Hearing loss

• Mouth opening deviation

• TMJ clicking

• Complete excision

(modified auriculotemporal approach via U-shaped incision)

• Endoscopic surgery

• Parietal bone

(temporal muscle flap, titanium mesh plate)

No recurrence

(5.5 years)

Present case

52/M

• TMJ

• Mandibular condyle

• Temporal bone

• EAC

• 28 x 28 x 37

• TMJ swelling, asymmetry

• TMJ pain on palpation

• Mouth opening deviation

• Eyebrow paralysis

• Complete excision

(pre-auricular approach)

• Anterior wall of the EAC

(temporal fascia flap)

• Surgical defect

(inguinal fat graft, TPFF)

No recurrence

(1.5 years)

  1. TMJ, temporomandibular joint; EAC, external auditory canal; OP, operation