Table 1 Characteristics of the studies included in the systematic review (n = 39)
First Author(Publication Year) | Study design | Patient characteristics | Surgical interventions | Type of bone xenograft | Outcome variables | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Primary outcomes | Secondary outcomes | |||||
Carmagnola(2003) [52] | Prospective clinical trial | N = 21 (8F/13M) MEAN AGE: 56.5 ± 9.7 years AGE RANGE: 39–76 years Extraction sockets: 31 | Tooth extraction ARP procedure Implant placement | ABX | - Histomorphometric measures | - Site eligibility for implant placement |
Vance(2004) [53] | RCT | N = 24 (15F/9M) MEAN AGE: 56 ± 11 years Extraction sockets: 24 | Tooth extraction ARP procedure Implant placement | ABX | - Ridge dimensional changes - Histomorphometric measures | - Changes in soft tissue thickness - Histological healing characteristics - Site eligibility for implant placement |
Mardas(2010) [54] | RCT | N = 27 (21F/6M) MEAN AGE: 37.3 ± 11.4 years AGE RANGE: 20–58 years Extraction sockets: 26 | Tooth extraction ARP procedure Implant placement | ABX | - Ridge dimensional changes - Histomorphometric measures | - Site eligibility for implant placement - Gingival recession - Probing pocket depth |
Heberer(2011) [55] | Prospective clinical trial | N = 25 (10F/15M) MEAN AGE: 49.9 years AGE RANGE: 36–67 years Extraction sockets: 39 | Tooth extraction ARP procedure Implant placement | Collagenated ABX | - Histomorphometric measures | - Histological healing characteristics - Site eligibility for implant placement - Complications |
Nam (2011) [56] | Prospective clinical trial | N = 42 (22F/20M) AGE RANGE: 36–65 years Extraction sockets: 44 | Tooth extraction ARP procedure Implant placement | ABX +/- coating with collagen-binding peptide | - Ridge dimensional changes - Histomorphometric measures | - Site eligibility for implant placement |
Gholami (2012) [57] | RCT | N = 12 (8F/4M) MEAN AGE: 44.6 ± 11.4 years AGE RANGE: 21–60 years Extraction sockets: 28 | Tooth extraction ARP procedure Implant placement | ABX | - Ridge dimensional changes - Histomorphometric measures | - Histological healing characteristics - Site eligibility for implant placement |
Cook(2013) [58] | RCT | N = 44 (26F/18M) MEAN AGE: 56 years AGE RANGE: 23–78 years Extraction sockets: 40 | Tooth extraction ARP procedure | Collagenated ABX | - Ridge dimensional changes - Histomorphometric measures | - Buccal plate thickness - Site eligibility for implant placement |
Jung (2013) [59] | RCT | N = 40 (23F/17M) MEAN AGE: 55 years Extraction sockets: 40 | Tooth extraction ARP procedure | Collagenated ABX | - Ridge dimensional changes | - Buccal plate thickness - Complications |
Calasans-Maia (2014) [60] | RCT | N = 20 (13F/7M) AGE RANGE: 30–60 years Extraction sockets: 20 | Tooth extraction ARP procedure Implant placement | ABX | - Ridge dimensional changes - Histomorphometric measures | - Site eligibility for implant placement - Complications |
Cardaropoli (2014) [61] | RCT | N = 41 (17F/24M) MEAN AGE: 47.2 ± 12.9 years Extraction sockets: 48 | Tooth extraction ARP procedure Implant placement | Collagenated ABX | - Ridge dimensional changes | - Buccal plate thickness - Complications |
Pang (2014) [62] | Prospective, randomized clinical trial | N = 30 (16F/14M) MEAN AGE: 37 years AGE RANGE: 22–47 years Extraction sockets: 30 | Tooth extraction ARP procedure Implant placement | ABX | - Ridge dimensional changes | - Bone volume changes - Complications |
Milani (2016) [26] | Prospective, randomized clinical trial | N = 20 (16F/14M) MEAN AGE: 50.8 years Extraction sockets: 20 | Tooth extraction ARP procedure Implant placement | ABX | - Histomorphometric measures | - Site eligibility for implant placement - Histological healing characteristics |
Scheyer (2016) [63] | RCT | N = 40 AGE RANGE: 18–70 years Extraction sockets: 40 | Tooth extraction ARP procedure Implant placement | Collagenated ABX | - Ridge dimensional changes - Histomorphometric measures | - Site eligibility for implant placement - Histological healing characteristics |
Iorio-Siciliano (2017) [64] | RCT | N = 20 (9F/11M) MEAN AGE: 39.2 years Extraction sockets: 20 | Tooth extraction ARP procedure Implant placement | Collagenated ABX | - Ridge dimensional changes | - Site eligibility for implant placement - Complications |
Lim (2017) [65] | RCT | N = 30 (12F/18M) MEAN AGE: 50.2 ± 15.7 years AGE RANGE: 22–82 years Extraction sockets: 30 | Tooth extraction ARP procedure Implant placement | Collagenated bovine or porcine ABX | - Ridge dimensional changes | - Site eligibility for implant placement - Complications |
Nart (2017) [66] | RCT | N = 21 (15F/6M) MEAN AGE: 56.76 years Extraction sockets: 22 | Tooth extraction ARP procedure Implant placement | ABX +/- heterologous collagen | - Ridge dimensional changes - Histomorphometric measures | - Buccal plate thickness - Site eligibility for implant placement - Histological healing characteristics - Complications |
Pang (2017) [67] | RCT | N = 24 (13F/11M) MEDIAN AGE: 58 years Extraction sockets: 33 | Tooth extraction ARP procedure Implant placement | ABX | - Ridge dimensional changes - Histomorphometric measures | - Site eligibility for implant placement - Implant stability - Complications |
Serrano Mendez (2017) [68] | RCT | N = 20 (10F/10M) MEAN AGE: 44 years Extraction sockets: 20 | Tooth extraction ARP procedure Implant placement | Collagenated ABX | - Ridge dimensional changes - Histomorphometric measures | - Site eligibility for implant placement - Histological healing characteristics |
Fischer (2018) [69] | RCT | N = 40 (24F/16M) MEAN AGE: 55.7 ± 14.8 years AGE RANGE: 18–80 years Extraction sockets: 40 | Tooth extraction ARP procedure Implant placement | ABX | - Ridge dimensional changes | - Site eligibility for implant placement - Need for bone augmentation |
Shim (2018) [70] | RCT | N = 15 (3F/12M) AGE RANGE: 39–77 years Extraction sockets: 20 | Tooth extraction ARP procedure Implant placement | ABX | - Ridge dimensional changes - Histomorphometric measures | - Histological healing characteristics - Complications |
Tomasi (2018) [71] | RCT | N = 27 (16F/11M) MEAN AGE: 52 years AGE RANGE: 38–79 years Extraction sockets: 40 | Tooth extraction ARP procedure Implant placement | Collagenated ABX | - Ridge dimensional changes | - Site eligibility for implant placement - Complications |
Cha (2019) [72] | RCT | N = 39 (13F/26M) MEAN AGE: 53.4 years Extraction sockets: 39 | Tooth extraction ARP procedure Implant placement | Collagenated ABX | - Ridge dimensional changes | - Site eligibility for implant placement - Need for bone augmentation - Complications |
Lim (2019) [73] | RCT | N = 29 (8F/21M) MEAN AGE: 54.2 years Extraction sockets: 29 | Tooth extraction ARP procedure Implant placement | Collagenated ABX | - Ridge dimensional changes - Histomorphometric measures | - Site eligibility for implant placement - Need for bone augmentation - Change of marginal bone level - Implant survival rate |
Llanos (2019) [74] | RCT | N = 65 (31F/34M) MEAN AGE: 42.6 years Extraction sockets: 40 | Tooth extraction ARP procedure Implant placement | ABX +/- heterlogous collagen | - Ridge dimensional changes | - Buccal plate thickness - Site eligibility for implant placement - Complications |
Machtei (2019) [75] | RCT | N = 33 (12F/21M) MEAN AGE: 63.9 ± 8.1 years AGE RANGE: 45–80 years Extraction sockets: 33 | Tooth extraction ARP procedure Implant placement | ABX | - Ridge dimensional changes - Histomorphometric measures | - Buccal plate thickness - Histological healing characteristics - Pain scores |
Santana (2019) [76] | RCT | N = 32 (18F/14M) MEAN AGE: 42 ± 8 years AGE RANGE: 34–52 years Extraction sockets: 41 | Tooth extraction ARP procedure Implant placement | ABX | - Ridge dimensional changes - Histomorphometric measures | - Complications |
Taschieri (2019) [77] | Prospective clinical trial | N = 20 (8F/12M) MEAN AGE: 42.8 ± 5.1 years AGE RANGE: 33–50 years Extraction sockets: 20 | Tooth extraction ARP procedure Implant placement | ABX | - Ridge dimensional changes - Histomorphometric measures | - Site eligibility for implant placement - Histological healing characteristics - Complications - Patients’ quality of life - Pain scores |
Iorio-Siciliano (2020) [78] | RCT | N = 40 (22F/18M) MEAN AGE: 40.3 years Extraction sockets: 40 | Tooth extraction ARP procedure Implant placement | ABX +/- heterologous collagen | - Ridge dimensional changes | - Site eligibility for implant placement |
Lai (2020) [28] | RCT | N = 44 (27F/17M) MEAN AGE: 57 years AGE RANGE: 24–83 years Extraction sockets: 38 | Tooth extraction ARP procedure Implant placement | Bovine or porcine ABX | - Ridge dimensional changes - Histomorphometric measures | - Buccal plate thickness - Site eligibility for implant placement - Implant stability - Histological healing characteristics - Complications |
Lee (2020) [23] | RCT | N = 28 (10F/18M) MEAN AGE: 52.9 years AGE RANGE: 22–74 years Extraction sockets: 28 | Tooth extraction ARP procedure Implant placement | Collagenated ABX +/- EMD | - Ridge dimensional changes | - Site eligibility for implant placement - Early postoperative discomfort - Soft tissue wound healing |
Barone (2008) [79] | RCT | N = 40 (24F/16M) AGE RANGE: 26–69 years Extraction sockets: 40 | Tooth extraction ARP procedure Implant placement | CBX | - Ridge dimensional changes - Histomorphometric measures | - Plaque index, gingival index and bleeding on probing - Site eligibility for implant placement - Histological healing characteristics - Complications |
Barone (2013) [34] | Prospective randomized clinical trial | N = 59 (39F/20M) MEAN AGE: 40.5 years AGE RANGE: 20–63 years Extraction sockets: 58 | Tooth extraction ARP procedure Implant placement | CBX | - Ridge dimensional changes | - Plaque index and gingival index - Site eligibility for implant placement - Need for bone augmentation - Length and diameter of implants |
Festa (2013) [80] | RCT | N = 15 (9F/6M) MEAN AGE: 40.5 years AGE RANGE: 28–58 years Extraction sockets: 30 | Tooth extraction ARP procedure Implant placement | CBX | - Ridge dimensional changes | - Probing pocket depth, gingival recession and bleeding on probing - Site eligibility for implant placement - Need for bone augmentation - Complications |
Barone (2014) [81] | RCT | N = 64 (38F/26M) MEAN AGE: 32.7 ± 12.4 years AGE RANGE: 18–47 years Extraction sockets: 64 | Tooth extraction ARP procedure Implant placement | CBX | - Ridge dimensional changes | - Site eligibility for implant placement - Need for bone augmentation - Complications |
Barone (2015) [82] | RCT | N = 34 (20F/14M) AGE RANGE: 21–71 years Extraction sockets: 34 | Tooth extraction ARP procedure Implant placement | CBX | - Histomorphometric measures | - Site eligibility for implant placement - Histological healing characteristics |
Barone (2017) [31] | RCT | N = 90 (54F/36M) AGE RANGE: 25–70 years Extraction sockets: 90 | Tooth extraction ARP procedure Implant placement | ABX vs. CBX | - Ridge dimensional changes - Histomorphometric measures | - Tooth site: premolar or molar - Buccal bone thickness |
Marconcini (2018) [36] | RCT | N = 42 (25F/17M) MEAN AGE: 52.8 ± 2.31 years Extraction sockets: 42 | Tooth extraction ARP procedure Implant placement | ABX vs. CBX | - Ridge dimensional changes | - Need for bone augmentation before implant placement - Esthetic outcome of the peri-implant mucosa - Implant success and survival rates - Complications |
Di Stefano (2019) [38] | Retrospective clinical trial | N = 46 (21F/25M) MEAN AGE: 54 years AGE RANGE: 43–75 years Extraction sockets: 84 | Tooth extraction ARP procedure Implant placement | ABX vs. CBX | - Histomorphometric measures | - Histological healing characteristics - Complications |
Roberto (2021) [83] | Retrospective clinical trial | N = 54 (34F/20M) MEAN AGE: 53.8 ± 7.1 years AGE RANGE: 41.8–69.1 years Extraction sockets: 54 | Tooth extraction ARP procedure Implant placement | CBX | - Ridge dimensional changes | - Long-term maintenance of buccal plate - Complications |