Table 1 Biomaterials for composite reconstruction of mandible
From: The comprehensive on-demand 3D bio-printing for composite reconstruction of mandibular defects
Biomaterials | Components | Features |
|---|---|---|
Scaffold | Bioceramic α-TCP β-TCP hydroxyapatite (HA) | Excellent osteoconductivity for bone regeneration, but limited in large defect due to brittleness |
Synthetic polymer PCL (polycaprolactone) PLA (polylactic acid) PLGA (polylactic glycolic acid) PEG (polyethylene glycol) | Favorable mechanical forces and biocompatibility | |
Natural polymer Chitosan Agarose Alginate Silk | High biocompatibility and degradability, loading bioactive molecule, poor mechanical strength | |
Cells | Adult stem cell (ASC) Embryonic stem cell-induced pluripotential stem cell (iPSC) | Potential to be differentiated into multiple composite tissue of mandible |
Bioactive molecules | Growth factor (GF) Other cytokines and peptides | Modulating osteogenesis and angiogenesis Potentials of cell mobilization and growth |