Table 2 Average surface composition (at.%) on both sides of the reference and the retrieved implants treated with the enzyme solution according to the EDS measurements

Reference outer side

97.4

2.6

^a

^b

^b

^a

^b

^b

^a

Reference inner side

97.0

2.3

0.4

^b

^b

0.3

^b

^b

^a

Retrieved outer side

92.7

7.3

^b

^a

^a

^b

^a

^a

^b

Retrieved inner side

89.5

10.5

^b

^a

^a

^b

^a

^a

^b