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Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery

Table 2 Postoperative angular and linear changes of the upper (UPC) and lower philtrum center (LPC) and lower lip center (LLC)

From: Horizontal change of philtrum after orthognathic surgery in patients with facial asymmetry

 

Change of the philtrum

Change of LLC

UPC (°)

UPC (mm)

LPC (°)

LPC (mm)

LLC (°)

LLC (mm)

Amount

1.2 ± 1.0

2.7 ± 5.5

1.2 ± 0.9

2.5 ± 3.2*

1.0 ± 0.8

2.1 ± 1.4

  1. *p = 0.013 (Wilcoxon rank sum test)
  2. UPC (°): angular change of UPC, which was measured between the facial midline and the line passing the interpupillary midpoint and UPC
  3. UPC (mm): linear change of UPC, which was the perpendicular distance between the facial midline and UPC
  4. Angle LPC: angular change of LPC, which was measured between the facial midline and the line passing the interpupillary midpoint and LPC
  5. LPC (mm): linear change of LPC, which was the perpendicular distance between the facial midline and LPC
  6. LLC (°): angular change of LLC, which was measured between the facial midline and the line passing the interpupillary midpoint and LLC
  7. LLC (mm): linear change of LLC, which was the perpendicular distance between the facial midline and LLC
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